Here are some generalities - See your division for details about your country.

1 - The authority on board = the Captain :

* The Captain is responsible for aircraft handling and decides how to use it.

* The Captain is responsible for complying with ATC clearances (see L5-Clearances). If the Captain considers that a clearance can't be complied with, she/he can ask for a new clearance. When able, the ATC must issue a clearance matching the pilot's request.

NOTE : do not mix up with what you CAN NOT do, technically, and what you DO NOT WANT TO do (for instance, do not tell the controller you can't comply with a clearance from A to C via B just because you want to go direct from A to C; there could be a good reason for requesting you to fly over B instead of proceeding A-C direct).

* The Captain can request a priority in the following situations :

- for safety reasons concerning the aircraft (technical problem, fuel problem...).

- for safety reasons concerning the people on board (medevac⁽¹⁾, casevac⁽²⁾, ill people on board...).

- for assistance operations

(1) MEDEVAC = medical evacuation

(2) CASEVAC = casualties evacuation

* The Captain must comply with air traffic flow management procedures (see L5-CTOT).

* The Captain must gather all relevant pieces of information for the flight to be performed in good conditions : weather, NOTAMs, charts (if any), instructions (for special events)... 

* For IVAO flights, we also suggest that you choose an aircraft you know. Avoid making some tests with a new aircraft or panel; this could disturb the traffic and/or yourself.

2 - Basic air rules = Rules of the Air (for those using the multiplayer feature) :

* Proximity :

- Keep a safe distance from other traffics.

- Formation flights must be coordinated by all Captains concerned.

* Right-of-way rules :

- Approaching head-on :

. each one shall alter course to the right.

- Converging routes at same altitude :

. the one who sees the other on its right shall give way.

  However :

. motorized aircraft shall give way to formation flights, dirigibles, gliders and balloons.

. dirigibles shall give way to gliders and balloons.

. gliders shall give way to balloons.

- Overtaking :

. the one which is overtaken has the right-of-way.

. the overtaking aircraft shall avoid it by the right.

- Landing :

. aircraft on final approach or performing the landing maneuver have the right-of-way over the others.

. in case of 2 aircraft arriving at the same aerodrome, the higher shall give way to the lower unless the higher is performing a final approach procedure.

. nevertheless, motorized aircraft shall give way to gliders.

- Take-off :

. aircraft taking-off have priority on taxiing aircraft.

- Taxiing (no ground controller active) :

. aircraft approaching head-on - each shall stop or alter its course to the right to avoid the other.

. aircraft converging - the one who sees the other on its right shall give way.

. overtaking aircraft - the one who is overtaken has priority, the overtaking aircraft must keep a safe distance from it.

* Aircraft lights :

- Night :

. while in flight, anticollision + navigation lights ON.

. while on parking, anticollision lights ON before starting engines

  (this shows your engines are running, or will run soon).

- Day :

. while in flight, anticollision lights ON.

. while on parking, anticollision lights ON before starting engines

  (this shows your engines are running, or will run soon).

Note 1 : anticollision lights = red or white flashes

Note 2 : navigation lights = steady red at left, steady green at right, steady white at rear

* TWR traffic :

- No aircraft can land until the runway is vacated by any preceeding traffic.

- No aircraft can take-off until the runway is vacated by any preceeding traffic.

- A pilot accepting a clearance for immediate departure must enter the runway and take-off without delay.

- An aircraft flying in the vicinity of an aerodrome with no intention to land at this aerodrome must not cause any troubles in its visual patterns.

- Unless otherwise specified, a standard visual pattern includes left turns only (see L5-Visualpat).

3 - Vertical position :

* A transition altitude (TA) is published :

- altimeter is set to QNH when flying at or below the transition altitude (see L5-Altimetry).

- altimeter is set to 29.92 inHg / 1013 hPa when flying above the transition level.

- CLIMB : change from QNH to 29.92 / 1013 when crossing the transition altitude.

- DESCENT : change from 29.92 / 1013 to QNH when crossing the transition level.

* No transition altitude is published :

- Contact your division for national procedures.

* QFE setting (see L5-Altimetry).

- Usually used for local visual patterns or for instrument approaches. Contact your division for national procedures.

4 - Flight plan (see also L1-IFR-FP and L1-IFR-FP) :

* Mandatory for IFR flights and flights across country borders (VFR or IFR).

* Recommended for VFR flights (this is quite helpful for traffic management in IVAO).

* Any amendment to a FP must be notified to controllers by using the "Resend flightplan" feature of SB.

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